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1.3 Heraldry becomes pure symbolism

NON-PERSONAL HERALDRY 

When heraldry became disassociated from knights, associations of all kinds applied for arms to display their corporate identity and pride.

The mural crown is the symbol of the city.
 

 

Arms of trade guilds have charges associated with the trade.
 

 Papermakers

Goldsmiths

Butchers 

Modern political or administrative units that did not have historical arms took new ones. 
 

Canadian provinces

        Russian Zemstvo
     (rural district)

Australian shire

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